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Can the technical difficulties of building large quantum computers be overcome?

The design of large-scale quantum computers and networks will require new insights from physics, computer science, and engineering. Theoretical predictions suggest that large fault-tolerant quantum information processors are possible in principle, and could potentially solve computational problems that are both useful, and intractable on classical supercomputers. But new theoretical and experimental techniques, and novel software and hardware architectures, will be needed to build such machines in the real world.

Recent examples of QuICS research in this area include work on quantum software, programming languages and compilers [A1-A5], theory to support state-of-the-art experimental quantum computers [B1-B2], and techniques for quantum control [C1-C3] and characterization of quantum devices [D1-D3].

References:

A.

  1. “Quantum Hamiltonian Descent,” https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.01471 
  2. “SimuQ: A framework for programming quantum Hamiltonian simulation with analog compilation,” https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3632923 
  3. “EasyPQC: Verifying post-quantum cryptography,” https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3460120.3484567 
  4. “A Verified Optimizer for Quantum Circuits,” https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3434318 
  5. “Automated optimization of large quantum circuits with continuous parameters,” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-018-0072-4 

B.

  1. “Logical quantum processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays” (with Harvard/QuEra), https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06927-3 
  2. “Quantum approximate optimization of the long-range Ising model with a trapped-ion quantum simulator,” https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2006373117 

C.

  1. “Autotuning of Double-Dot Devices In Situ with Machine Learning,” https://journals.aps.org/prapplied/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.034075 
  2. “Optimal protocols in quantum annealing and quantum approximate optimization algorithm problems,” https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.070505 
  3. “Optimal state transfer and entanglement generation in power-law interacting systems,” https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.031016 

D.

  1. “Cross-platform comparison of arbitrary quantum states,” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-34279-5 
  2. “Many-body Chern number from statistical correlations of randomized measurements,” https://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.050501 
  3. “Recovering quantum gates from few average gate fidelities,” https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.170502 
Groups
QuICS