Unveiling the Universe: In 4 New Studies, NIST Explores Novel Ways to Hunt Dark Matter
Scientists have been searching for dark matter with no success for more than 30 years. JQI and other NIST researchers are now exploring new ways to search for the invisible particles. In one study, a prototype for a much larger experiment, researchers have used state-of-the-art superconducting detectors to hunt for dark matter. The study has already placed new limits on the possible mass of one type of hypothesized dark matter. Another NIST team has proposed that trapped electrons, commonly used to measure properties of ordinary particles, could also serve as highly sensitive detectors of hypothetical dark matter particles if they carry charge.
Graphs May Prove Key in Search for Holy Grail of Quantum Error Correction
In February 2019, JQI Fellow Alicia Kollár, who is also an assistant professor of physics at UMD, bumped into Adrian Chapman, then a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Sydney, at a quantum information conference. Although the two came from very different scientific backgrounds, they quickly discovered that their research had a surprising commonality. They both shared an interest in graph theory, a field of math that deals with points and the connections between them. Their ensuing collaboration resulted in a new tool that aids in the search for new quantum error correction schemes—including the Holy Grail of self-correcting quantum error correction. They published their findings recently in the journal Physical Review X Quantum.
Quantum Gases Keep Their Cool, Prompting New Mysteries
Quantum physics is a notorious rule-breaker. For example, it makes the classical laws of thermodynamics, which describe how heat and energy move around, look more like guidelines than ironclad natural laws. In some experiments, a quantum object can keep its cool despite sitting next to something hot that is steadily releasing energy. A new experiment led by David Weld, an associate professor of physics at the University of California, Santa Barbra (UCSB), in collaboration with JQI Fellow Victor Galitski, shows that several interacting quantum particles can also keep their cool—at least for a time.
Bilayer Graphene Inspires Two-Universe Cosmological Model
Physicists sometimes come up with crazy stories that sound like science fiction. Some turn out to be true, like how the curvature of space and time described by Einstein was eventually borne out by astronomical measurements. Others linger on as mere possibilities or mathematical curiosities. In a new paper in Physical Review Research, JQI Fellow Victor Galitski and JQI graduate student Alireza Parhizkar have explored the imaginative possibility that our reality is only one half of a pair of interacting worlds. Their mathematical model may provide a new perspective for looking at fundamental features of reality—including why our universe expands the way it does and how that relates to the most miniscule lengths allowed in quantum mechanics. These topics are crucial to understanding our universe and are part of one of the great mysteries of modern physics.
JQI Grad Student Wins UMD Three-Minute Thesis Competition
JQI graduate student Jacob Bringewatt is one of four post-candidacy student winners in the campus-wide portion of the UMD Three-Minute Thesis (3MT) competition. Each of these four winners received $1000. Each will be further evaluated by the UMD Graduate School, and one will be selected to represent the university in an international 3MT competition.